Long non‑coding (lnc)RNAs participate in colorectal cancer (CRC) occurrence and progression. The present study aimed to investigate whether lncRNA ABHD11‑AS1 regulates malignant biological behavior of CRC cells. Bioinformatic analysis, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and hybridization revealed that ABHD11‑AS1 expression was decreased in CRC samples and associated with an unfavorable prognosis. ABHD11‑AS1 overexpression significantly decreased proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells, whereas ABHD11‑AS1 inhibition had the opposite effects. ABHD11‑AS1 interacted with EGFR to inhibit EGFR phosphorylation and attenuate EGFR/ERK signaling, which in turn suppressed the malignant biological behavior of CRC cells. The tumor suppressor function of ABHD11‑AS1 was attenuated by the EGFR agonist NSC228155. Finally, resveratrol (RSV) inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which may be associated with RSV‑induced decrease in SPT6 homolog, histone chaperone and transcription elongation factor protein expression and increase in ABHD11‑AS1 transcript levels. ABHD11‑AS1 inhibited the phosphorylation of EGFR and decreased EGFR/ERK signaling by interacting with EGFR, thereby delaying the progression of CRC. The ABHD11‑AS1/EGFR/ERK axis may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing CRC progression.

This study aimed to evaluate, using the gas production technique, the effect of including eight agro-industrial by-products (carob, grape, two types of olive pomace, citrus pulp, tomato, and hazelnut skin) on fermentation end-products, ruminal degradability, and methane production in sheep diets.

Oral epithelial dysplasia, such as leukoplakia has a risk of malignant transformation. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol with anticancer properties, has been explored for many years as an alternative treatment for leukoplakia.

Persimmon fruit is highly susceptible to chilling injury (CI) during cold storage. Notably, glycine betaine (GB), a compound that helps regulate cell osmotic balance, can alleviate postharvest CI in various fruits. In this study, the postharvest application of GB increased chilling tolerance, delayed CI, and reduced the CI index in 'Youhou' sweet persimmon fruit during cold storage. Moreover, GB treatment markedly decreased the O · production rate and malondialdehyde (MDA) and HO content while significantly increasing the ascorbic amounts of acid and glutathione (GSH). Compared with the control group, GB treatment increased activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). GB treatment also reduced the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase. RNA sequencing revealed that GB treatment significantly altered gene expression linked to sugar metabolism, GSH metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This study provides novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of GB treatment alleviating CI in postharvest persimmon fruit. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: 'Youhou' sweet persimmons are prone to rapid softening after harvest. This softening process can be limited through cold storage; this can also result in chilling injury (CI). The research findings suggest that glycine betaine (GB) treatment delays 'Youhou' persimmon fruit softening and alleviates CI during cold storage. GB application could be a feasible technique for extending the storage life of 'Youhou' sweet persimmon fruit.

Increased consumption of nuts is associated with reduced risk of some forms of cancer, including leukemia. Peanut skins are not typically retained during food processing but are a potential source of anticarcinogenic polyphenols. There are limited data about the antileukemic activity and bioavailability of peanut skin polyphenols. This study determined the polyphenol profile of raw peanut skin extract (PSE), its antiproliferative activity toward Jurkat cells, and intestinal bioavailability and metabolism using a Caco-2 intestinal monolayer model. High-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap) was used to analyze PSE and extracts of PSE-treated Jurkat cells to determine PSE polyphenols associated with antiproliferative activity. PSE reduced Jurkat cell viability, indicating its antiproliferative activity. PSE contained at least 63 polyphenols, including phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins, and prenylated flavonoids, among others. Multiple PSE polyphenols, particularly proanthocyanidins with A-type bonds, interacted with Jurkat cells. In Caco-2 cells, PSE intestinal bioavailability was limited to (+)-catechin, quercetin, procyanidin A2, and tentatively procyanidin A1. Caco-2 cells metabolized PSE polyphenols, including the methylation of A-type procyanidin dimer. Thus, these cell-based studies demonstrate that raw peanut skins contain intestinal bioavailable polyphenols with potential antileukemic properties. PSE polyphenols, including A-type proanthocyanidins, were metabolized by intestinal cells. Thus, the antileukemic activity of PSE polyphenols is modulated by the bioavailability and metabolism of A-type proanthocyanidins. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Raw peanut skins are rich in polyphenols, including A-type proanthocyanidins. Extracts of peanut skins inhibit the growth of cultured leukemia cells, and peanut A-type proanthocyanidins are associated with this effect. Peanut skins are not typically retained in food processing, so further research and development are needed to recover or retain these compounds and document their health-promoting activities in human research studies.

Pu-erh tea, a dark tea from China, is classified into raw and ripened types. Both have significant anti-obesity effects. Polyphenols are among their major bioactive components. This study aimed to explore the anti-obesity properties and mechanisms of raw (R-TP) and ripened (F-TP) Pu-erh tea polyphenols.

Plant polyphenols have recently emerged as green nanoparticle (NP) precursors by oxidation-triggered assembly using oxidizing agents or in alkaline media. This study explored the potential of polyphenolic extracts derived from grape seed waste to serve as natural nanocarriers. Phenolic fractions were extracted from defatted grape seed waste, freeze-dried into powder, and characterized. Grape seed extracts (GSEs) of Obeidi and Asswad Karech, Lebanese autochthonous white and red grape varieties, respectively, had total phenolic contents (TPC) of 370 and 311 mg of gallic acid equivalents (GAE) per gram of dry matter, respectively, along with a high content of catechins, gallic acid, epicatechins, caffeic acid, syringic acid, and protocatechuic acid. GSE NPs were obtained by the oxidation-triggered self-assembly of Obeidi and Asswad Karech polyphenols in the presence of sodium metaperiodate as the oxidizing agent. The NPs exhibited a spherical morphology, hydrodynamic diameters of 109 and 142 nm, and zeta potential values of -20 and -19 mV for Obeidi and Asswad Karech, respectively. Both types of NPs showed high colloidal and chemical stability, even after storage for three months at 4 °C. They also demonstrated high antioxidant capacity, excellent biocompatibility in human dermal fibroblasts, and promising intracellular radical scavenging activity in stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, a gel formulation containing 2% Obeidi GSE NPs promoted wound healing with controlled infections and inflammation and faster tissue regeneration in a rat excision wound model. By day 19 of treatment, deep wounds treated with GSE NPs were fully healed with no visible scarring, while the untreated group showed deep scarring and discoloration. Our findings address the valorization of waste generated by wineries and present a promising natural nanocarrier with high stability, antioxidant properties, and anti-inflammatory activity.

Recently, biodegradable packaging materials have received significant prominence in the food sector. Herein, chrysanthemum leaves extract (CLE), integrated sodium alginate (SA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) active films were prepared and their physicochemical and multifunctional properties were evaluated for use in green chili packaging. FTIR and SEM results confirmed favorable interaction and uniform dispersion of CLE in the SA/PVA blend film. Addition of CLE to the SA/PVA matrix considerably lowered surface wettability (~61 %), water solubility (~28 %), moisture-binding (~27 %), water vapor transmission and oxygen permeability (~28 %). CLE-loaded active film demonstrated higher tensile strength (29.06 ± 0.46 MPa), UV light barrier capabilities and significant antimicrobial activity against foodborne pathogens. Additionally, it had an adequate antioxidant capacity of (~46 %) compared to the control film without CLE. In the study of green chili packaging, the active film containing a more significant amount of CLE limited the weight loss, suppressed microbial growth and retained the polyphenolic and chlorophyll content of the chili. Compared to polyethylene (PE), the fabricated active film displayed a far better packaging capability and extended the shelf life of green chili for up to 10 days. Hence, the fabricated active films were suitable for biodegradable packaging applications.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is challenging to treat due to its difficulty in early diagnosis, highly invasive nature, and high metastatic potential. Currently, the primary treatments for PDAC are chemotherapy and immunotherapy. However, the abundance of extracellular matrix and immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) severely impedes the effectiveness of chemotherapy and immunotherapy, promoting tumor growth and metastasis. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), an immunosuppressive tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme, is upregulated in PDAC and degrades tryptophan (Trp) into kynurenine (Kyn), which is toxic to effector T cells and induces regulatory T cells (Treg) recruitment. Herein, we propose a concise strategy to construct a biocompatible, polyphenol-based, pH-responsive nanoparticle to co-deliver docetaxel (DTX) and NLG919 (an IDO1 inhibitor) to significantly enhance chemo-immunotherapy for PDAC by remodeling the TME. The DTX/NLG919-loaded nanoparticles (FPND) effectively elicited immunogenic cell death (ICD) in PDAC cells while limiting immunosuppressive Kyn production through IDO1 inhibition. FPND triggered an effective anti-tumor immune response, characterized by increased CD8 T cells infiltration and decreased Treg recruitment, leading to significant inhibition of subcutaneous tumor growth in KPC mice through a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Overall, FPND nanoparticles showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy as a PDAC therapeutic strategy with broad potential in precision medicine.