Whether ambient air pollutants affect the transmission of respiratory pathogens in central Wuhan is unknown. So, we conducted a series of statistical analyses to discover the correlation between the two.

Soybean is an important legume crop and has significant agricultural and economic value. P4-ATPases (aminophospholipid ATPases, ALAs), one of the classes of P-type ATPases, can transport or flip phospholipids across membranes, creating and maintaining lipid asymmetry and playing crucial roles in plant growth and development. To date, however, the ALA gene family and its expression patterns under abiotic and biotic stresses have not been studied in the soybean genome.

Night markets-a unique element of Asian culture-involve various cooking methods and combustion, generating air pollutants with adverse health effects. However, there is no scientific literature on whether air pollutants from night markets affect indoor air quality and the lung function of children in nearby households.

Based on the high-resolution enhanced observation data of PM organic molecular tracers, aldehydes and ketone OVOC components, long-chain alkane IVOC components, and key species of atmospheric oxidation during September 1 to October 27, 2023, the causes of PM and O pollution in Hangzhou were analyzed. Seven pollution processes were selected with the average daily concentration of PM exceeding 35 μg·m or the maximum 8-hour concentration of O exceeding 160 μg·m. Then, these pollution processes were divided into four types： north-northeast transmission type （T1）, east-southeast transmission type （T2）, north-northwest transmission type （T3）, and statically stable type （T4） by airflow trajectory. The research results indicated that the T2 pollution process exhibited strong PM and O composite pollution characteristics and the photochemical oxidation reaction of active VOC components, such as long-chain alkanes and terpenes in the atmospheric environment was the major pollution cause of this type. In the process of T1 and T3 pollution, the overall reactivity of VOCs was low, resulting in relatively weak O generation. However, the causes of PM in these two types of pollution processes were different. T1 pollution was affected by low temperature and high humidity meteorological conditions and the enhanced liquid-phase oxidation process led to a significant increase in nitrate concentration. T3 pollution was significantly affected by emissions from coal combustion, biomass combustion, and other sources, with a relatively high proportion of primary components in PM. The T4 pollution process was significantly affected by local primary anthropogenic emissions, thus the control of local catering source and mobile source emissions must be strengthened.

To understand the trends of O pollution changes and the contribution of regional background in Beijing in recent years, this study investigated the temporal variations of O mixing ratios and the exceedance of O pollution at different types of sites, such as urban, suburban, clean, regional, and transportation sites, based on the online monitoring data from 34 stations in Beijing from 2018 to 2022. The regional background estimation method proposed by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality （TCEQ） was applied to calculate the contributions of regional background and local generation to O. The results showed that the annual average value of O mixing ratios in Beijing was the highest in 2019, the lowest in 2021, and rebounded in 2022, from 2018 to 2022. Except for transportation sites, O mixing ratios in Beijing and all other types of sites exhibited decreasing trends. The highest monthly average value of O occurred in June and the monthly average values of clean sites were often higher than those of other sites. The proportions of O exceedance days and heavily polluted days varied over the last five years and days with high O pollution more often occurred at the clean site. The O exceedance days were mostly dominated by light pollution and the average O mixing ratios on heavily polluted days in 2020-2022 were greater than those in 2019. To exclude the influence of NO on the "titration" effect of O, the TCEQ method was estimated by using the total oxidant O （O=O+NO） instead of O. The results showed that both the regional background and the local generation in Beijing showed decreasing trends and the contribution of the regional background was significantly higher than that of the local generation. However, the contribution of the regional background decreased in the summer due to the enhancement of the photochemical activities. In general, although the O mixing ratios in Beijing had been decreasing from 2018 to 2022, no such trend was observed in the O mixing ratios on heavily polluted days. To achieve the goal of basically eliminating heavily polluted days in the 14th Five-Year Plan and to effectively control O pollution, it is recommended that Beijing should further optimize the joint prevention and control of atmosphere pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and neighboring regions to reduce the contribution of regional background to O pollution while strengthening the control of local O precursor emissions.

As important components of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) play a crucial role in the photochemical formation of ozone (O), especially in the polluted areas in the North China Plain (NCP). However, their seasonal characteristics and sources are not understood well. In this study, one-year measurements of 10 typical OVOCs were conducted through proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) at an urban site (39.95° N, 116.32° E, 96 m a.s.l.) in Beijing. Aldehydes and alcohols were the most abundant types of OVOCs in the entire year, with mean concentrations of 16.3 ppbv and 15.9 ppbv, respectively, and mean proportions of 33.8% and 32.4% of the total. Formaldehyde and ethanol had the highest concentrations of OVOCs throughout the year, with mean annual concentrations of 13.5 ppbv and 10.8 ppbv, respectively. The results indicated that the concentrations of OVOCs were highest in the summer, along with the maximum O-formation potentials and hydroxyl radical (•OH) reactivity values of 83.5 ppbv and 2.8 s, respectively. Results from the source apportionment of OVOCs based on multiple linear regression models indicated that secondary sources were the predominant source in summer. In particular, the secondary sources of aldehydes represented by CHO and acetaldehyde accounted for 36.7% and 51.4% of the total, respectively. This study determined the concentrations and photochemical generation of OVOCs in different seasons, providing a basis for O pollution control in urban areas of Beijing.

A Ce-doped NH-MIL-88B(Fe) composite (Ce-NM8B) was synthesized via a hydrothermal method and used to catalyze ozone oxidation to degrade levofloxacin (LEF) in water. Moreover, comprehensive characterization of Ce-NM8B, including crystal structure, surface morphology, and electrochemical properties, was performed using XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, FT-IR, and ICP techniques. As a result, the Ce-NM8B/O system achieved an 84.2% degradation of 10 mg/L LEF within 40 min under optimal conditions (0.20 g/L catalyst dosage, 0.20 L/min ozone flow, pH 7). Furthermore, EPR and radical quenching experiments confirmed the generation of ·OH, O·, and O species, in addition to direct ozone oxidation and catalytic adsorption. Additionally, HPLC-MS analysis identified key degradation pathways, including piperazine, quinolone, and morpholine ring cleavage, alongside decarboxylation, defluorination, and demethylation. In terms of toxicity, evaluation using T.E.S.T. revealed that intermediate products exhibited reduced toxicity. Moreover, Ce-NM8B demonstrated stable performance over three cycles. Finally, the system's applicability and practical potential were confirmed through the degradation of several antibiotics and testing in natural water substrates.

The effect of prenatal ozone exposure on early childhood bone mineral density (BMD) remains to be explored.

Air pollution is associated with mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in the general population. However, little is known about the relationship between air pollution and coronary artery disease (CAD) and how this relates to MACE.